A case of schistosomus reflexus in an Arabian colt

Authors: Duarte LF, Wilsher S, Tin Yu Graham RJ, Valli C
Publication: Australian Equine Veterinarian, Volume 41, Issue 2, pp 46-54, Sep 2022
Publisher: Equine Veterinarians Australia

Animal type: Horse
Article class: Scientific/Clinical

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Abstract:

Schistosomus reflexus is an extremely rare congenital abnormality which presents as a closure defect of the ventral abdominal wall coupled with a severe spinal curvature. This condition has been reported in many species, although most commonly in cattle. This article describes a case of schistosomus reflexus in an Arabian colt. The mare was presented for dystocia and after several unsuccessful attempts to deliver the foal per vaginum, Caesarean section was performed to deliver the dead foetus. The mare recovered uneventfully and was discharged oneweek post-surgery. Post mortem examination of the foetus showed a severe defect of the ventral abdominal wall with extra-abdominal organs and a severe scoliosis with longitudinal rotation at the thoracolumbar region of the spine. Although a specific aetiology for the development of this condition has not been found in any species, hypotheses include both genetic and nongenetic causes. To our knowledge, this is the first case of schistosomus reflexus reported with macroscopically normal urinary system and no ankyloses of any joint. Its description may provide further clues to better understand the aetiopathogenesis of this congenital malformation.

Keywords: Schistosomus reflexus; horse; congenital defect; malformation.

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