Detecting anthelmintic resistance in nematodes: from paddock observations to DNA technology

Authors: Hunt P
Publication: Proceedings of the Australian Veterinary Association (AVA) Annual Conferences, Volume 2014 AVA Annual Conference, Perth, Issue Integrative, May 2014
Publisher: Australian Veterinary Association

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Abstract: Parasitic nematodes infect grazing livestock globally. Parasitic diseases occur when infections reach thresholds which are dependent on multiple factors. Anthelmintics are used to prevent the transmission of parasites to other host animals via pasture, and also to cure individual animals. Control of sub-clinical effects can also increase productivity and farm profit. Therefore, failure of parasite control due to anthelmintic resistance is deleterious in a number of ways: humanely, epidemiologically and economically. The constant presence of nematode parasites complicates disease diagnosis, disease prediction, and the evaluation of control strategies. The interpretation of anthelmintic resistance assessments is affected by these same issues, but is also complicated by genetic responses within parasite populations. Selection, migration, genetic drift and mutation all drive population change, whilst large population sizes and population mixing can slow down genetic change. Hence, the value proposition for detection of anthelmintic resistance is multi-faceted. Methods of assessing resistance are available now, and more will be available soon. There are multiple ways in which livestock owners and veterinarians can mitigate the effects of resistance following its detection.

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